| Characteristic | Details |
|---|---|
| Active Ingredient | Nifedipine |
| Available Dosages | 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg |
| Administration | Oral |
| Half-life | 2 to 5 hours |
| Bioavailability | 45% to 68% |
| Link | Learn More About Adalat |
Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics of Adalat is defined by its active ingredient, nifedipine. It functions as a calcium channel blocker. This influences cardiac and vascular muscle cells, reducing hypertension. Nifedipine 20 mg showcases rapid absorption post oral administration. Plasma concentrations peak within 30 minutes to 2 hours.
The medication’s bioavailability ranges from 45% to 68%, depending on first-pass metabolism. It undergoes significant hepatic metabolism, forming inactive metabolites. The compound is mainly excreted through urine. Its half-life spans approximately 2 to 5 hours, warranting multiple daily doses for sustained therapeutic effect.
Distribution in the body occurs efficiently. It binds extensively to plasma proteins, primarily albumin. Volume of distribution is moderate, allowing sufficient delivery to target tissues. Clinical implications include rapid onset, vital for acute hypertension management.
Areas of Use
Adalat serves multiple clinical purposes. It primarily treats hypertension and angina pectoris. The medication’s vasodilatory properties aid in reducing blood pressure, enhancing oxygen delivery to the heart.
In angina, nifedipine 20 mg alleviates symptoms by reducing cardiac workload. Its efficacy extends to variant angina, characterized by coronary artery spasm. Evidence supports its use in Raynaud’s phenomenon, where it mitigates vasospastic attacks.
Recent studies suggest potential benefits in pulmonary hypertension. The drug’s capability to lower vascular resistance presents an area of interest. In chronic heart failure, it offers symptomatic relief, although not a first-line treatment.
Adalat Precautions
Adalat necessitates careful consideration before use. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to nifedipine should avoid it. It’s contraindicated in cardiogenic shock, owing to its cardiac depressant effects.
Pregnant individuals must exercise caution. The medication crosses the placenta, posing potential fetal risks. Breastfeeding mothers should refrain from its use, as excretion into breast milk is probable.
Renal and hepatic impairments necessitate dosage adjustments. Impaired organ function can alter drug clearance, amplifying systemic exposure. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate is essential.
Cautions with Other Medicines
Interactions with other medications are significant. Adalat can potentiate the effects of antihypertensives, necessitating dosage adjustments. Co-administration with beta-blockers may induce excessive cardiovascular effects.
CYP3A4 inhibitors, like ketoconazole, elevate nifedipine plasma levels. This increases the risk of adverse reactions. Grapefruit juice, a known CYP3A4 inhibitor, should be avoided.
Digoxin co-administration may lead to elevated plasma concentrations. Monitoring of digoxin levels is advised. Anti-seizure medications, such as phenytoin, reduce nifedipine’s effectiveness. Dose adjustment may be required.
Effects of Adalat
The therapeutic effects of Adalat are profound. It effectively lowers blood pressure, reducing cardiovascular risks. Angina relief is rapid, with decreased frequency and severity of episodes.
Adverse effects are generally mild but notable. Common reactions include headache, flushing, and dizziness. Peripheral edema is a frequent complaint, linked to its vasodilatory action.
Serious adverse events, though rare, may occur. These include hypotension, bradycardia, and heart failure exacerbation. Prompt medical attention is required for such occurrences.
Adalat Over The Counter
Adalat is not available over the counter. Prescription is mandatory due to potential for serious side effects. Its use requires medical supervision and regular follow-up.
Patients must adhere to prescribed dosing regimens. Self-medication can result in significant harm. Healthcare providers ensure therapeutic benefits outweigh risks.
Access to Adalat should follow a thorough clinical evaluation. Understanding patient-specific factors is crucial. Medical advice is indispensable for optimal treatment outcomes.
Further details on Adalat can be accessed through credible scientific sources, such as PubMed, which offer comprehensive insights into its pharmacological properties and clinical applications.
- Consult a healthcare professional before starting Adalat.
- Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication.
- Regular monitoring of blood pressure is crucial.
